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THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA
  The Great Wall of China was built over 2,000 years ago, by Quinn Shi
Huangdi, the first emperor of China during the Quinn (Ch’in) Dynasty (221 B.C
- 206 B.C.). In Chinese the wall is called “Wan-Li Qang-Qeng” which means
10,000-Li Long Wall (10,000 Li = about 5,000 km). The emperor connected and
extended four old fortification walls along the north of China that originated
about 700 B.C. (over 2500 years ago). Armies were stationed along the wall as a
first line of defense. Signal fires from the Wall provided early warning of an
attack. 
  The Great Wall is one of the largest building construction projects ever
completed. It stretches across the mountains of northern China, winding north
and northwest of Beijing. It is constructed of masonry (
   ), rocks
and packed-earth. It was over 5,000 km long. Its thickness ranged from about
4.5 to 9 meters and was up to 7.5 meters tall. 
  During the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), the Great Wall was enlarged to
6,400 kilometers and renovated over a 200 year period, with watch-towers and
cannons () added. 
  The Great Wall can be seen from Earth orbit, but, contrary to legend, is not
visible from the moon, according to astronauts Neil Armstrong, Jim Lovell, and
Jim Irwin.